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Thomas Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions is arguably one of the most influential books of the twentieth century and a key text in the philosophy and history of science. Kuhn transformed the philosophy and history of science in the twentieth century in an irrevocable way and still provides an important alternative to formalist approaches in the philosophy of science.
In Kuhn's ‘The Structure of Scientific Revolutions': A Reader's Guide, John Preston offers a clear and thorough account of this key philosophical work. The book offers a detailed review of the key themes and a lucid commentary that will enable readers to rapidly navigate the text. The guide explores the complex and important ideas inherent in the text and provides a cogent survey of the reception and influence of Kuhn's work.
- Sales Rank: #426916 in Books
- Brand: Brand: Bloomsbury Academic
- Published on: 2008-08-07
- Released on: 2008-08-07
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.50" h x .29" w x 5.50" l, .40 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 136 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
Review
'This richly succinct guide to The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, T.S. Kuhn's hugely influential book, combines a lucid and subtle presentation of its main themes with an incisive and probing assessment of its reception and significance.'
Vasso Kindi, Department of Philosophy and History of Science, University of Athens, Greece
'Preston's book admirably illuminates the most philosophically compelling and enduring elements of Kuhn's thought without diluting their complexity or sidestepping their perplexing consequences.'
Matthew Lund, Department of Philosophy and Religion, Rowan University, USA
'This richly succinct guide to The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, T.S. Kuhn’s hugely influential book, combines a lucid and subtle presentation of its main themes with an incisive and probing assessment of its reception and significance.'
Vasso Kindi, Department of Philosophy and History of Science, University of Athens, Greece
'Preston’s book admirably illuminates the most philosophically compelling and enduring elements of Kuhn’s thought without diluting their complexity or sidestepping their perplexing consequences.'
Matthew Lund, Department of Philosophy and Religion, Rowan University, USA
About the Author
John Preston is Senior Lecturer in Philosophy at the University of Reading. Previous publications include Feyerabend: Philosophy, Science and Society (Polity, 1997) and Thought and Language (ed.) (CUP, 1997).
Most helpful customer reviews
3 of 5 people found the following review helpful.
The Price of Paradigms
By Bruce Caithness
"The uncritical attitude is what I regard as the unscientific attitude. It is, however, what Kuhn regards as normal science," Karl Popper.
John Preston carefully presents Kuhn's historical development and sources and reviews his thought in some detail. The notion of paradigms has become part of common discourse, but there are dangers in a naive acceptance of the concept and unfortunately Kuhn's rewriting of Popper's thought so that it barely relates to Popper's written work, in particular The Postscript, has become a standard myth.
Perhaps it is worth going back to first principles. We should recall that falsifiability is based on the the "modus tollens" deductive argument.
If the theory is true such and such will follow.
Such and such do not follow.
Therefore, the theory is not true.
Falsifiability is thus a logical property of a proposition that is vulnerable to refutation by a true existential statement. The propositions of concern to Karl Popper were universal laws in the form: all swans are white. This is falsified by the statement (if true): here is a black swan.
Falsification is, in contrast, the practical demonstration that a proposition has been falsified. Unlike the decisive logic of the modus tollens, the real-world process of falsification can never be decisive due to the Duhem problem, the uncertainty of observations and even sheer avoidence of testing by production of "ad hoc" hypotheses and so forth.
Induction is a form of conjecture in which one generalizes from the premises to a conclusion. Is there any formal logic in this process when it is akin to guessing a pattern and extrapolating? The simple example that indicates the invalidity of inductive argument as justified is that no matter how many swans one sees that are white one cannot prove that there will never be a black swan. An inductive justification for science is propagated in too many textbooks. It is a subtle tendency. One could talk of a paradigm of inductivism!
When Kuhn talks about "uncritical" acceptance of a paradigm and divides scientific enquiry into normal science and extraordinary science he tends to describe something other than "science". To give him the benefit of the doubt, he may have misread but he did decisively misquote Karl Popper with respect to falsification. Popper was not a naïve falsificationist as Kuhn painted, e.g. Kuhn distorts Popper as follows,"he emphasizes the importance of falsification, i.e. of the test, that because its outcome is negative, necessitates the rejection of the established theory". Where did "necessitates" come from in Popper's writing?
Kuhn is also making a risky assumption when he says competing paradigms are incommensurable. They are linguistic frameworks that are potentially translateable. There is the potential to reach a change of attitude, albeit not easily. Fruitful discussions may arise from culture clash. We need the Tower of Babel, after all the goal is not certainty or justification but truth.
Tarski said a statement is true and is only true if it corresponds to the facts. What is true and and how we come to establish something as true are distinct. The statement "snow is white" is true if and only if snow is white. We can never "verify" our theories and facts but we can make an honest attempt to phrase them in such a way that they are falsifiable. Science is a system of controlled guesswork, where controls are to be found through the successful merger of logic and experience.
When Kuhn maintains that scientific inquiry begins where criticism leaves off, and that it is not criticism but the abandonment of critical discourse for faith in a paradigm that marks the transition to science he is actually writing a script for a closed society. This view drifts towards a justificationist view of knowledge based on institutional foundations rather than a perpetually critical one.
A Guide to The Logic of Scientific Discovery (The Popular Popper)
0 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Good study aid
By Lovie A. Byrd
This book really helped explain what Kuhn;s book (essay) was all about. Broke down most of the scientific terms Kuhn used. Written in laymen terms.
4 of 27 people found the following review helpful.
Science and Pseudo-science
By Ole J. Forsberg
While this book is rather difficult to get through at times, the understanding one gets through the reading is invaluable. Popper lays out a philosophy of science that has echoes and ramifications to today's world. While we do have a deeper understanding of what we mean by 'science', Popper was the one who set us on that track.
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